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An allergist and immunologist is a medical specialist who focuses on the diagnosis, treatment, and management of allergies, asthma, and disorders of the immune system.
Allergies are a common condition in which the immune system overreacts to a harmless substance, such as pollen or pet dander, causing symptoms such as sneezing, runny nose, and itchy eyes. Asthma is a related condition that causes inflammation and narrowing of the airways, leading to difficulty breathing.
Immunology is the study of the immune system and its functions, including how the immune system defends the body against infection and disease. Disorders of the immune system can lead to a range of conditions, from autoimmune diseases, in which the immune system attacks the body's own tissues, to immunodeficiency disorders, in which the immune system is unable to effectively fight off infections.
Allergist and immunologists are experts in the study of these conditions and use a variety of diagnostic tools and procedures, such as allergy tests, pulmonary function tests, and immune system evaluations, to identify and diagnose allergies, asthma, and immune system disorders.
Treatment options may include medications, immunotherapy, and lifestyle modifications. Allergist and immunologists may work in a variety of settings, including hospitals, clinics, and research institutions. They may also collaborate with other healthcare professionals, such as pulmonologists and rheumatologists, to develop and implement treatment plans for their patients.