How to Treat Joint Hypermobility Syndrome?

What is Joint Hypermobility Syndrome?

Joint Hypermobility Syndrome (JHS) is identified as a connective tissue disorder wherein thick bands of tissue, known as ligaments, are responsible for holding joints together and preventing them from moving excessively or beyond their typical range. However, in individuals with Joint Hypermobility Syndrome, these ligaments are either loose or weak. This results in joints that exhibit a greater degree of flexibility than what is considered normal. The condition is not rare and can impact various joints such as the knees, elbows, and fingers. While increased flexibility can be advantageous in certain activities, the excessive joint mobility seen in JHS may lead to various symptoms and potential complications.

Why Does Joint Hypermobility Syndrome Occur?

JHS is primarily associated with genetic factors that affect the structure of collagen, a key protein in connective tissues. Collagen provides support and structure to various parts of the body, including joints. When there is a genetic predisposition to altered collagen, it can result in joints that are more flexible than normal.

Apart from genetics, hormonal influences can also contribute to JHS. Hormones play a crucial role in maintaining the integrity of connective tissues, and fluctuations in hormone levels may affect joint stability.

How is Joint Hypermobility Syndrome Diagnosed?

Diagnosing JHS involves a comprehensive assessment that considers both clinical and genetic factors. The Beighton Score is commonly used to evaluate joint hypermobility. This scoring system assesses flexibility in various joints, such as the fingers, thumbs, elbows, and knees. A higher Beighton Score indicates increased joint flexibility.

Additionally, medical professionals may conduct a thorough physical examination, considering symptoms such as joint pain, fatigue, and muscle weakness. Imaging studies, such as X-rays or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), may be used to rule out other potential causes for symptoms.

Genetic testing may also be recommended to identify specific gene mutations associated with collagen abnormalities, providing a more accurate diagnosis and helping to understand the underlying causes of the condition.