How to Treat Hyperglycemia?

What is Hyperglycemia?

Hyperglycemia, or high blood sugar, occurs when there's excess glucose in the bloodstream due to insufficient insulin or insulin resistance. Common in diabetes, untreated episodes can lead to severe complications, damaging nerves, blood vessels, and organs. In extreme cases, it may escalate into life-threatening diabetes-related ketoacidosis (DKA), requiring immediate medical attention.

Why is Hyperglycemia a Concern?

The implications of hyperglycemia extend far beyond the immediate discomfort associated with fluctuating blood sugar levels. Prolonged exposure to elevated glucose levels can wreak havoc on blood vessels, nerves, and vital organs. This damage, if left unaddressed, contributes to the development of severe complications associated with diabetes, such as cardiovascular diseases, kidney dysfunction, nerve impairment, and vision issues.

How Does Hyperglycemia Occur?

Understanding the genesis of hyperglycemia is crucial for effective management. In Type 1 diabetes, an autoimmune response leads to the destruction of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas, resulting in a deficiency of insulin. Type 2 diabetes, on the other hand, involves insulin resistance, where the body's cells become less responsive to insulin, and insulin production may decrease over time. Additionally, external factors like illness, stress, or certain medications can contribute to temporary spikes in blood sugar levels, further complicating the management of hyperglycemia.