What is Atherosclerosis ?
Atherosclerosis is the gradual hardening and narrowing of arteries due to plaque buildup, composed of fat, cholesterol, calcium, and other substances. This restricts blood flow, increasing the risk of heart attacks, strokes, and other cardiovascular diseases.
Symptoms of Atherosclerosis
- 1. Chest pain (angina) – Due to reduced heart blood flow
- 2. Shortness of breath – From poor oxygen supply
- 3. Fatigue/weakness – Caused by poor circulation
- 4. Limb numbness/weakness – If arms or legs are affected
- 5. Leg pain (claudication) – A sign of peripheral artery disease
- 6. Speech/vision issues, facial drooping – Possible TIA or stroke
- 7. High BP/kidney issues – If kidney arteries are affected
Understanding the impacts of Atherosclerosis
The main impact of atherosclerosis is the narrowing and hardening of arteries, leading to reduced blood flow and an increased risk of life-threatening conditions like heart attacks, strokes, and peripheral artery disease. The hidden impact lies in its silent progression—many people remain unaware until serious complications arise. Over time, restricted blood supply can lead to organ damage, cognitive decline, kidney failure, or even amputation in severe cases. Early detection and management are crucial to preventing these long-term consequences.
Consult Our Vascular Surgeon
- Dr. Amr Mahmoud, MD VASCULAR SURGERY,... : Specializes in vascular surgery, treating atherosclerosis and arterial diseases with surgical and minimally invasive procedures. Book Appointment
- Dr. Amr Albayomy, EBVES : Board-certified vascular surgeon with expertise in managing atherosclerosis and arterial diseases to improve circulatory health. Book Appointment
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Importance and Benefits of Consulting a Vascular Surgeon Online
Consulting a Vascular Surgeon is crucial for early detection and management of atherosclerosis, helping prevent severe complications like heart attacks and strokes. Eastern European countries, such as Estonia, Ukraine, and Bulgaria, are among the most affected due to high rates of heart disease and stroke. Contributing factors include unhealthy diets, smoking, hypertension, and limited access to advanced healthcare, along with regional lifestyle and socioeconomic conditions that influence disease severity.
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FAQ
Atherosclerosis develops due to a gradual buildup of plaque in the arteries, restricting blood flow and increasing the risk of heart disease and stroke. High cholesterol, especially excess LDL ("bad") cholesterol, plays a major role in plaque formation, while high blood pressure damages artery walls, making them more vulnerable. Smoking accelerates inflammation and arterial damage, while diabetes and obesity contribute to increased cholesterol levels and inflammation. An unhealthy diet rich in saturated and trans fats, along with a sedentary lifestyle, further raises the risk. Chronic inflammation from conditions like rheumatoid arthritis can also promote artery damage. Aging naturally leads to artery stiffening, and genetics can predispose individuals to the disease. Managing these risk factors through a healthy lifestyle, exercise, and medical intervention can help prevent or slow the progression of atherosclerosis.
Yes, atherosclerosis can affect various parts of the body, leading to serious health complications. When it occurs in the coronary arteries, it can cause coronary artery disease (CAD), leading to chest pain (angina) or heart attacks. If it affects the arteries supplying the brain, it increases the risk of strokes or transient ischemic attacks (TIAs). In the peripheral arteries, particularly in the legs and arms, it causes peripheral artery disease (PAD), leading to pain, numbness, and poor circulation. Atherosclerosis in the renal arteries can contribute to high blood pressure and kidney failure. The condition can impact any major artery, reducing oxygen supply to vital organs and increasing the risk of severe cardiovascular complications.
You should see a doctor if you experience symptoms that may indicate atherosclerosis or its complications. Chest pain or pressure (angina), shortness of breath, or an irregular heartbeat could signal heart-related issues. Leg pain or cramping while walking (claudication), numbness, weakness, or coldness in the limbs may indicate poor circulation due to peripheral artery disease (PAD). High blood pressure or kidney problems could be linked to narrowed renal arteries. Difficulty speaking, vision problems, or facial drooping may be warning signs of a stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA). If you have risk factors like high cholesterol, diabetes, smoking, or a family history of heart disease, regular check-ups are crucial for early detection and prevention. Seek emergency care for severe chest pain, sudden weakness, or stroke-like symptoms.
Preventing atherosclerosis involves maintaining a heart-healthy lifestyle and managing risk factors. Eating a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats while avoiding processed foods, saturated fats, and excessive sugar helps control cholesterol and blood pressure. Regular exercise improves circulation, strengthens the heart, and reduces inflammation. Quitting smoking is crucial, as it damages arteries and accelerates plaque buildup. Managing conditions like high blood pressure, diabetes, and obesity through medication and lifestyle changes reduces the risk. Stress management, adequate sleep, and regular health check-ups help monitor and prevent complications. By adopting these habits, you can significantly lower your risk of atherosclerosis and maintain better cardiovascular health.